Integers, Floating-Point Numbers, and Strings

A data type defines the kind of value a variable can hold and what operations can be performed on it.

Integers

Integers are whole numbers without decimal points. They can be positive, negative, or zero.

// Declare an integer In javascript
let age = 25;
console.log("Age: " + age);  // Output: Age: 25

# Declare an integer in Python
age = 25
print("Age:", age)  # Output: Age: 25

Floating-Point Numbers

Floating-point numbers, or “floats,” represent real numbers that contain a fractional part, expressed with decimals.

// Declare a floating-point number in Javascript
let price = 19.99;
console.log("Price: $" + price);  // Output: Price: $19.99

# Declare a floating-point number in Python
price = 19.99
print("Price: $", price)  # Output: Price: $ 19.99

Strings

Strings are sequences of characters (letters, numbers, symbols) enclosed in quotes. They are used to represent text

// Declare a string in Javascript
let greeting = "Hello, World!";
console.log(greeting);  // Output: Hello, World!

# Declare a string
greeting = "Hello, World!"
print(greeting)  # Output: Hello, World!

# Function to perform basic arithmetic operations
def basic_calculator():
    # Taking input from the user for the first number
    num1 = input("Enter the first number: ")
    # Checking if the input is a float or integer
    if '.' in num1:
        num1 = float(num1)
    else:
        num1 = int(num1)
    # Taking input for the operator (+, -, *, /)
    operator = input("Enter an operator (+, -, *, /): ")
    # Taking input for the second number
    num2 = input("Enter the second number: ")
    if '.' in num2:
        num2 = float(num2)
    else:
        num2 = int(num2)
    # Performing the chosen operation
    if operator == '+':
        result = num1 + num2
    elif operator == '-':
        result = num1 - num2
    elif operator == '*':
        result = num1 * num2
    elif operator == '/':
        # Handle division by zero
        if num2 == 0:
            result = "Error! Division by zero."
        else:
            result = num1 / num2
    else:
        result = "Invalid operator!"
    # Printing the result
    print(f"The result is: {result}")
# Run the calculator function
basic_calculator()